
The Heart is a muscle pump which propels blood throughout human body. Like every pump heart needs fuel which is supplied in the form of blood by tubes that are known as arteries . They are located on the surface of heart.
When one or more of these arteries develop any blockage or narrowing the blood supply to the heart muscle is reduced. We reinstitute blood supply by bypassing block with another artery or vein which is connected before and after the blockage. This is normally done by stopping the heart by connecting it to heart-lung machine. Heart- Lung machine is a sophisticated device which incorporates artificial lung as a part of its circuit. The total blood volume of the patient is circulated through this machine which generates can generate some side effects namely inflammation, anaemia, coaulation defects, bleeding, strokes etc. The bypass surgery that is performed without the aid of the Heart-Lung machine is known is Beating heart bypass surgery.